IHAMS Links

#Web LinkHits
1  Link   Wellcome Library / Wellcome Collections
Part of Wellcome Collection, the Wellcome Library provides insight and information to anyone seeking to understand medicine and its role in society, past and present. We are one of the world’s major resources for the study of medical history and we also provide access to a growing collection of contemporary biomedical information resources relating to consumer health, popular science, biomedical ethics and the public understanding of science. More than 38 000 readers visited us last year, including historians, academics, students, health professionals, consumers, journalists, artists and members of the general public.

In 2009 the Wellcome Library embarked on a five-year transformation strategy to create a groundbreaking digital library, allowing online open access to our collections, and building our profile as a major cultural destination as well as a world-class academic research library.

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2  Link   Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is an independent charity funding research to improve human and animal health. Established in 1936 and with an endowment of around £13 billion, it is the UK’s largest non-governmental source of funds for biomedical research.
2029
3  Link   International Institute of Islamic Medicine (IIIM)
International Institute of Islamic Medicine (IIIM)

Islamic Medical Association of North America (IMANA) mandated the formation of IIIM at an extra ordinary Council meeting of its Executive in Orlando Florida, in 1992.

The purpose, for which IIIM was formed, was to collect, collate, catalogue, annotate, research and disseminate information about the History of Islamic Medicine (HIM). Islamic Medicine was the Medicine that developed and was practiced during the Islamic period of Civilization. IIIM was also to research and publicize the multitudinous contributions that Islamic Medicine made to the development of Modern Medicine.

1887
4  Link   History of Science and Technology in Islam
Science and Technology in Islam is a major work in the history of science. Thirty contributors wrote the various chapters and its chief editor is Ahmad Y. al-Hassan with Maqbul Ahmad and Albert Zaki Iskandar as co-editors (for a description please see Unesco).
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5  Link   Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies
The Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies provides a meeting point between the Islamic and Western worlds of learning. Through good scholarship it promotes a more informed understanding of Islam – its culture and civilisation.

The Centre’s Distinguished Visiting Lecturer Programme was inaugurated in 1993 by HRH The Prince of Wales on the occasion of his becoming Patron of the Centre. Distinguished Visiting Lecturers have included world figures from a variety of backgrounds and experience.

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6  Link   1001 inventions
1001 Inventions – Discover The Muslim Heritage In Our World. Muslim civilisation stretched from southern Spain as far as China. From the 7th century onwards, scholars of many faiths built on the ancient knowledge of the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans, making breakthroughs that paved the way for the Renaissance.
The discoveries made by men and women in Muslim civilisation have left their mark on the way we live today. 1001 Inventions uncovers a thousand years of science and technology that has a huge but hidden impact on the modern world.
2070
7  Link   International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine (ISHIM)
There is a consensus amongst researchers of the history of medicine that early Arab and Muslim physicians had played a very important role in the development of medical science during the renaissance of Islamic civilization, which spanned for eight centuries. This was achieved through translating earlier medical and scientific scripts and developing these sciences in the light of their clinical expertise.

Despite the above fact, it is well-known that, as yet, the full potential of the Islamic medical heritage has not been investigated in a way that shows its real role and importance in the development of modern medicine; especially its effect on the European Renaissance. So far, only a little part of this important heritage has been studied or come to light. Most of the scripts of Islamic medicine are dusting on the shelves of private and some public libraries around the world.

In the light of this, a number of physicians, scholars and historians called for reviving this heritage on an international level. This is to be achieved through organization and teamwork. And this is how the idea of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine emerged.

The first meeting of this society convened between 1-3 December 2000 in Doha (QATAR) and was chaired by HE Dr.H.A.Hajar Al-Binali, Minister of Health in Qatar. A number of physicians and historians have attended this meeting.

1738
8  Link   Muslim Heritage
Established in 2002, the web portal MuslimHeritage.com was the first major project of FSTC (Foundation for Science, Technology and Civiliasation). It is a unique online education community of Muslims and non-Muslims seeking to advance human civilisation through the study of Muslim heritage. The website contains more than 1000 peer-reviewed articles, hundreds of short reports on news and events related to Muslim heritage research, and an interactive map and timeline. It will be the largest online directory of its type in the world available to researchers.
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9  Link   Miracles of The Qur’an
Excellent website based on English live scientific lectures run by Mr Adnan Oktar (Harun Yahya)and his team.

The Website is linked to:

http://www.harunyahya.com/

2073
10  Link   International Commission on Scientific Signs in the Qur’an and the Sunnah الهيئة العالمية للإعجاز العلمي في القرآن والسنة
International Commission on Scientific Signs in the Qur’an and the Sunnah الهيئة العالمية للإعجاز العلمي في القرآن والسنة
Scientific signs are one of the kinds of signs in the Ever-Glorious Qur’an and the purified Sunnah, which include:
Linguistic and rhetorical signs

* Historical signs
* Legislative signs
* Scientific signs

The scientific signs in the Qur’an and the Sunnah are the interpretation of their meanings from a scientific perspective. They highlight the proven scientific facts mentioned in the Qur’an and the Sunnah, which were unfeasible at the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Thus, it becomes crystal clear that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was truthful in conveying to the Muslims what Allah (Exalted and Glorified be He) revealed to him.

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11  Link   موسوعة الإعجاز العلمي في القرآن والسنة
موقع شامل للإعجاز العلمي في القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية المطهرة مع كبار العلماء
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12  Link   Making Science Visible

Videos & documents by Professor Abdel-Halim RE. Contributions of Ibn Al-Nafis (1210-1288 AD) to the progress of medicine and urology.
Contributions of Muhadhdhab Al-Deen Al-Baghdadi to the progress of medicine and urology. … and Others
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13  Link   Saudi Aramco World
Saudi Aramco, the oil company born as an international enterprise 75 years ago, distributes Saudi Aramco World to increase cross-cultural understanding. The bimonthly magazine’s goal is to broaden knowledge of the cultures, history and geography of the Arab and Muslim worlds and their connections with the West. Saudi Aramco World is distributed without charge, upon request, to interested readers worldwide.

In print, Saudi Aramco World is published six times a year: January/February (JF); March/April (MA); May/June (MJ); July/August (JA); September/October (SO) and November/December (ND). From its launch in 1949 until the May/June 2000 issue, the magazine’s name was Aramco World. The July/August 2000 issue was the first to carry the name Saudi Aramco World .

Saudi Aramco World is published in Houston, Texas by Aramco Services Company, a subsidiary of Saudi Aramco. This website is updated following each issue of the print edition.

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14  Link   Islamic Paintings in Medieval ages
The recreation of the historical Golden Harp of Ur, almost five thousands years old, it is regarded as the oldest musical instrument in the world. The harp was found in the Royal Cemetery in the city of Ur in southern Iraq.
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15  Link   IRCICA International Research Centre for Islamic History, Cutlture, and Art
IRCICA is an international institution active in the fields of research, publishing, documentation and information. Its mandate covers multifarious themes in the fields of the history of Muslim nations, history of arts and sciences in Islam, and other subject areas in Islamic culture and civilisation. By means of these activities, IRCICA aims at studying and better introducing the Islamic culture and civilisation throughout the world and acting as a catalyst for research and cooperation in these areas to promote mutual understanding between Muslims and with other nations and cultures of the world.
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16  Link   History of Pharmacy (Washington State University)
Brief history of pharmacy in the world illustrated in pictures
2061
17  Link   National Library of Medicine – Images from the History of Medicine (IHM)
Images from the History of Medicine (IHM) is a database of nearly 70,000 images in the National Library of Medicine’s (NLM) historical collections. The collection of portraits, photographs, fine prints, caricatures, genre scenes, posters, and other graphic art illustrates the social and historical aspects of medicine from the Middle Ages to the present. Subjects range from medieval medical practice to 19th century slum conditions to World War I hospitals to the international fight against drug abuse and AIDS. Most of the images in the collection are from earlier time periods, although 20th century images are also included, the majority dating from before World War II.
1910
18  Link   Scientific Contributions befor European Renaissance
The Islamic Origins of Modern Science with useful bibliographies of Muslim Scholars
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19  Link   Greek Medicine (Unani Tibb)
Brief History of Greek Medicine (Unani Tibb).
Unani is the Arabic word for Ionian, or Greek. Greece’s Islamic neighbors call Greece Yunanistan, or the Land of the Unanis.
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20  Link   قصة الإسلام بإشراف د. راغب السرجاني
موقع موسوعي في تاريخ الإسلام وأحداثه وتأثيراته في تاريخنا المعاصر
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21  Link   Science Photo Library (SPL)
Science Photo Library (SPL) provides creative professionals with striking specialist imagery, unrivalled in quality, accuracy and depth of information. We have more than 350,000 images and 20,000 clips to choose from, with hundreds of new submissions uploaded to the website each week.

For more than 30 years, SPL has worked alongside world acclaimed photographers and the leading science and medical experts to provide a central source for the best specialist imagery available.

You can search and download from our website, or take advantage of our free search service. The Science Photo Library office is open Monday to Friday from 9am-6pm.

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22  Link   PubMed/MEDLINE Search
PubMed comprises more than 20 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
1985
23  Link   Islamic Medical Manuscripts at the National Library of Medicine
The National Library of Medicine houses one of the world’s largest history of medicine collections. We collect, preserve, and make available to researchers and the public, print and non-print materials that document the history of medicine, health, and disease in all time periods and cultures.
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24  Link   Al-Bab: An open door to the Arab world
Al-Bab aims to introduce non-Arabs to the Arabs and their culture. Western explorers of the 18th and 19th centuries portrayed the Arab world as a strange, exotic and sometimes terrifying place.

Al-Bab seeks to portray the Arab world neither as an object of fear nor as a cultural curiosity – fascinating though it may be.

1820
25  Link   Islamic Medicine on Line
Many of things which humanity is discovering everyday in all branches of science including Medicine were predicted by the Holy Quran over 14 centuries ago.

Although there is a great inter-relationship between modern medicine and some of our Islamic teachings, the criterions and characteristics of Islamic Medicine are that it is involved with Divine Ethics and Faith in Allah as the supreme authority.

1839
26  Link   Truth in Science
Truth in Science is an organisation promoting good science education in the UK. Our current focus is on the origin of life and its diversity.

For many years, much of what has been taught in school science lessons about the origin of the living world has been dogmatic and imbalanced. The theory of Darwinian evolution has been presented as scientifically uncontroversial and the only credible explanation of origins. Nevertheless, you only have to read recent editions of academic and popular science journals to realise that there is a battle raging over this very issue.

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27  Link   إسهامات الحضارة الإسلامية في علم الطب – موقع إسلام ويب
إسهامات الحضارة الإسلامية في علم الطب مختصرة جدا من موقع إسلام ويب
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28  Link   Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) المنظمة الإسلامية للتربية والعلوم والثقافة ـ إيسيسكو ـ
Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO)
Permanent Headquarters, Rabat, 1427H/2006).

PREAMBLE The Governments of the Member States:
* Believing that Islam, a religion of peace and tolerance, represents a way of life and a spiritual, human, moral, cultural and civilizational force which made, and is still making, constructive contribution towards the shaping of the Islamic World and the development of human civilization;
* Responding to the expectations of the Member States and the hopes of the Islamic Ummah in achieving cooperation, solidarity, progress and prosperity within the framework of joint Islamic action;
* In anticipation of the challenges faced by the Member States in the educational, scientific, cultural and communication fields, and being aware of the importance of such fields in achieving development, progress and prosperity, without neglecting the Ummah’s glorious heritage;
* Being aware of the close bonds which unite the peoples of the Islamic World through the unity of civilization and the shared spiritual, moral and cultural values, and seeking to encourage civilizational interaction and promote these shared civilizational, cultural and intellectual bonds;
* Activating the principles of solidarity, mutual assistance and equality to reinforce cooperation among the Member States and thereby promote education, science, culture and communication through all appropriate means

1876
29  Link   A BRIEF ILLUSTRATED GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING ISLAM
This Islamic guide is for non-Muslims who would like to understand Islam, Muslims (Moslems), and the Holy Quran (Koran). It is rich in information, references, bibliography, and illustrations. It has been reviewed and edited by many professors and well-educated people. It is brief and simple to read, yet contains much scientific knowledge. It contains the whole book, A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam, and more. The contents of this guide follow.
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30  Link   Titolo della Guida sull’Islam Una breve guida illustrata per comprendere l’Islam (Lingua Italiana)
Questa guida islamica è rivolta ai non-musulmani che desiderano comprendere l’Islam, i musulmani e il sacro Corano. È ricca di informazioni, di riferimenti, di bibliografia e illustrazioni. È stata rivista e curata da molti professori e persone colte. È breve e semplice da leggere, sebbene contenga molto sapere scientifico. Contiene tutto il libro, A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam (Una breve guida illustrata per comprendere l’Islam), e altro ancora. Segue l’indice della guida.
2030
31  Link   Título de Guía del Islam Una Breve Guía Ilustrada para entender el Islam (Idioma Español)
Esta guía islámica es para los no musulmanes que desean entender el Islam, a los Musulmanes, y el Sagrado Corán. Es rica en información, referencias, bibliografía, e ilustraciones. Ha sido revisada y editada por varios profesores y personas estudiadas. Es breve y fácil de leer, conteniendo al mismo tiempo mucho conocimiento científico. Contiene el libro, A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam (Una Breve Guía Ilustrada para entender el Islam), en su totalidad y más. Los contenidos de esta guía vienen a continuación.
1988
32  Link   伊斯兰教指南标题 带有插图的伊斯兰教简明指南 (简体中文)
本伊斯兰教指南旨在帮助非穆斯林人士了解伊斯兰教 (Islam)、穆斯林 (Muslim) 以及神圣可兰经(又称古兰经)。它内含丰富的信息、参考资料、参考书目和说明。并经过许多教授和有专业知识背景的人审稿和编辑。它的内容虽然通俗易读,却蕴含了许多科学知识。它包括了 A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam [带有插图的伊斯兰教简明指南] 一书的全文,以及更多内容。本指南的目录如下。
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33  Link   イスラームガイドのタイトル イスラーム理解の図解付ガイド (日本語)
このイスラームガイドはイスラーム(イスラム教)、ムスリム(モスリム、イスラム教徒)、クルアーン(コーラン)を理解するためのものです。情報、参考資料、参考文献一覧、図解が豊富に含まれています。多くの教授や知識人によって校閲、編集されてきました。簡潔で読みやすい内容ですが、多くの科学的な情報が含まれています。著書A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam[イスラーム理解の図解付ガイド]の全文が入っています。このガイドの目次は次の通りです。
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34  Link   Islam Wegweiser Title Ein kurzer illustrierter Wegweiser um den Islam zu verstehen (Deutsch)
Dieser islamische Wegweiser ist für Nichtmuslime gedacht, die gerne den Islam, Muslime (Moslems) und den Heiligen Quran (Koran) verstehen möchten. Er ist reich an Informationen, Referenzen, Bibliographien und Illustrationen. Er wurde von zahlreichen Professoren und gebildeten Menschen geprüft und bearbeitet. Er ist kurz gefasst und einfach zu lesen, enthält jedoch viele wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse. Er enthält das gesamte Buch A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam (Ein kurzer illustrierter Wegweiser, um den Islam zu verstehen), und anderes. Nachfolgend der Inhalt des Wegweisers.
1994
35  Link   جامعة الإيمان
جامعة الإيمان مؤسسة أهلية للتربية والتعليم العالي وما قبله والبحث العلمي.

مؤسسها الشيخ/ عبد المجيد بن عزيز الزنداني، ومقرها العاصمة صنعاء.. وجامعة الإيمان مؤسسة تعليمية خيرية غير ربحية تقوم على منهج الوسطية، وتسعى إلى خدمة الإيمان والنهوض بالمجتمع اليمني وتحقيق حياة مثلا في اليمن والعالم العربي والإسلامي والإنساني، بالتركيز على تثبيت وتعميق المفاهيم والمبادئ، والحقائق المتعلقة بالإيمان، والربط بين مدلولاته والحياة العملية من جانب، وبينه وبين الحقائق العلمية من جانب آخر، للإسهام في نهضة حضارية تقوم على العلم والإيمان والأخلاق.

تأسست الجامعة بتاريخ 22 ربيع الآخر 1415هـ، الموافق 27 سبتمبر 1994م

#Web LinkHits
1  Link   Science and World عـلم وعـالـم
مجلة علمية متميزة: إنطلقت مجلة علم وعالم عام 2003 كمجلة عربية تُعنى بنقل العلوم المبسطَة للقارىء العربي . وقد حققت المجلّة إنجازاً يتمثل بتحقيق التفاعل بين الطلاب العرب في أكثر من بلد عربي ، مع العلماء العرب في خيرة مراكز الأبحاث العلمية العربية والعالمية .
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2  Link   British Library
The British Library (BL) is the national library of the United Kingdom, and one of the world’s largest libraries in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats, both print and digital: books, manuscripts, journals, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, videos, play-scripts, patents, databases, maps, stamps, prints, drawings. The Library’s collections include around 14 million books (second only to the USA’s Library of Congress), along with substantial holdings of manuscripts and historical items dating back as far as 2000 BC. BL Budget is £142million
1987
3  Link   Science Museum – London
The Science Museum was founded in 1857 as part of the South Kensington Museum, and gained independence in 1909. Today the Museum is world renowned for its historic collections, awe-inspiring galleries and inspirational exhibitions
1734
4  Link   The School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS)
The School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) is a college of the University of London and the only Higher Education institution in the UK specialising in the study of Asia, Africa and the Near and Middle East.

SOAS Library, one of the world’s most important academic libraries for the study of Africa, Asia and the Middle East, which attracts scholars from all over the world to conduct research. The Library houses over 1.2 million volumes at the SOAS campus at Russell Square in central London, together with significant archival holdings, special collections and a growing network of electronic resources.
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5  Link   مؤسسة بـيان الإســلام الرد على الافتراءات والشبهات
موسوعة
بـيان الإســلام
الرد على الافتراءات والشبهات

• أكبـر قـاعـدة علمـية شـامـلة للـرد العـلمى على الشـبهات والأباطـيل والافتراءات.
• أكثر من مائتي عالم وباحث فى تخصصات مختلفة.
• خلاصة لخبرات علماء الإسلام سلفا ومعاصرين فى الرد الجميل بحكمة وبصيرة على ما يثار من شبهات ضد الإسلام.
• خمس سنوات من العمل المتواصل فى صمت لأفرقة من العلماء كلٌ فى تخصصه.
• الرد على قرابة 1200( ألف ومائتى ) شبهة فى 24 مجلدا.
• أكبر موقع تفاعلى متخصص فى الرد العلمى على الشبهات والتعريف بالإسلام وحضارته وتاريخه.


• لماذا الموسوعة؟
– لما يتعرض له الإسلام من تهجم سافر تجاوز كل حدود الإنسانية على الفضائيات، والإنترنت والكتب والإساءات المقصودة المتكررة للنبى صلى الله عليه وسلم.
– لبيان الحقائق أمام الشباب الذي يسأل: هل هذه الشبهات صحيحة؟
– لتوفير قاعدة علمية للدفاع عن الإسلام يقوم عليها أهل التخصص.

• منهج الموسـوعة:
المنهج العلمي الذي يعتمد على مناقشة الأفكار، كالتالي:
1. بيان فكرة الشبهة.

2. بيان أفكار الرد عليها.
3. البدء بالدليل العقلي في الرد؛ لأن المخالف لا يؤمن بقرآن ولا سنة.
4. إلحاق الرد النقلي بعد التأسيس العقلي له.
5. الختام بخلاصة مركزة.

6. الالتزام بالوسطية الفكرية.

• إلى من توجه الموسـوعة؟
– الشباب وعامة المثقفين لإزالة أى لبس أو تشويش.
– الدعاة لتكوين مرجعية علمية لهم إذا ما سئلوا أو تحدثوا فى الشبهات.
– أصحاب الديانات السماوية الأخرى لبيان الحقائق لهم.
– الباحثون فى مجال الشبهات والحوار بين الأديان.
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6  Link   The British Museum
The British Museum was founded in 1753, the first national public museum in the world. From the beginning it granted free admission to all ‘studious and curious persons’. Visitor numbers have grown from around 5,000 a year in the eighteenth century to nearly 6 million today.
The original collection of the British Museum included antiquities, coins and medals, natural history specimens and a large library collection. It now comprises over 8 million objects spanning the history of the world’s cultures: from the stone tools of early man to twentieth century prints.
1897
7  Link   The Library of Congress USA
The Library of Congress was established by an act of Congress in 1800 when President John Adams signed a bill providing for the transfer of the seat of government from Philadelphia to the new capital city of Washington.

When the Library of Congress building opened its doors to the public on November 1, 1897, it was hailed as a glorious national monument and “the largest, the costliest, and the safest” library building in the world.

Today’s Library of Congress is an unparalleled world resource. The collection of more than 144 million items includes more than 33 million cataloged books and other print materials in 460 languages; more than 63 million manuscripts; the largest rare book collection in North America; and the world’s largest collection of legal materials, films, maps, sheet music and sound recordings.
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8  Link   The Oriental Institute Museum USA
The Oriental Institute Museum is a world-renowned showcase for the history, art, and archaeology of the ancient Near East. The museum displays objects recovered by Oriental Institute excavations in permanent galleries devoted to ancient Egypt, Nubia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Anatolia, and the ancient site of Megiddo, as well as rotating special exhibits.
1931
9  Link   The Virtual Museum of Iraq
The Virtual Museum of Iraq is a scientific and cultural initiative promoted by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and realized by the Italian National Research Council. The purpose of the project is to provide the public with the opportunity, through a web site, of coming into contact with the archeological, historical and artistic heritage of one of the most important museum institutions in the world, the National Museum of Iraq, in Baghdad.
The museum, the foundation and development of which is linked to the historical and institutional events of Iraq itself, is home to an extraordinary collection of historical treasures. This collection grew and was extended thanks to the scientific surveys conducted by local and foreign archeological teams starting in the 1920’s.
In 2003 the Baghdad Museum joined the sad list of world cultural sites destroyed or looted during wartime events. Thanks to the continuing efforts by local authorities and the international community, the activity of re-organization has been carry out and partially completed.
The Virtual Museum of Iraq does not intend to reproduce faithfully the structure and the original set-up of the real museum, nor does it claim to be a comprehensive databank of all the objects contained therein. The network portal aims at being a tangible contribution to the knowledge (necessary basis for any safeguarding and conservation project) of an historical and archeological heritage of inestimable value and, at the same time, at becoming its communication projection on an international level.
reconstructions of the contexts in which the monuments are located. A few numbers: 70 artifacts, 40 three-dimensional models, more than 100 images on file, 22 films, 18 archeological sites… all of which can be viewed in approximately six hours of navigation.
The combination of interactive functions and various user formats, together with the special attention given to creating a user-friendly site and to the understanding the contents, make The Virtual Museum of Iraq portal a formidable instrument for exploring and learning about a cultural heritage that “disappeared” twice – the first time amidst the heavy layers of the sand of history, the second amidst the violence of the plundering during the war – and is still awaiting to be viewed by the world.
1771
10  Link   Egyptian Museum
The greatest collection of Egyptian antiquities is, without doubt, that of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. It is a place of true discovery and, even after many visits, I continue to make new and delightful discoveries every time I venture into its many galleries.

Apart from the Tutankhamun exhibits upstairs, there are countless coffins, amulets, ushabtis, household items, etc. Some of the Middle Kingdom tomb models of armies, boats and landowners surveying their livestock shouldn’t be missed. The human figures almost seem alive! Also upstairs is the Mummy Room where you can come face to face with some of the great rulers of ancient Egypt.
1722
11  Link   The Natural History Museum UK
The Natural History Museum is one of three large museums on Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, England (the others are the Science Museum, and the Victoria and Albert Museum).

The museum is home to life and earth science specimens comprising some 70 million items within five main collections: Botany, Entomology, Mineralogy, Palaeontology and Zoology. The museum is a world-renowned centre of research, specialising in taxonomy, identification and conservation. Given the age of the institution, many of the collections have great historical as well as scientific value, such as specimens collected by Darwin. The Natural History Museum Library contains extensive books, journals, manuscripts, and artwork collections linked to the work and research of the scientific departments. Access to the library is by appointment only.

The museum is particularly famous for its exhibition of dinosaur skeletons, and ornate architecture — sometimes dubbed a cathedral of nature — both exemplified by the large Diplodocus cast which dominates the vaulted central hall.

Originating from collections within the British Museum, the landmark Alfred Waterhouse building was built and opened by 1881, and later incorporated the Geological Museum. The Darwin Centre is a more recent addition, partly designed as a modern facility for storing the valuable collections.
1754
12  Link   National Museum of Natural History – Smithsonian Institution USA
The National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) is part of the Smithsonian Institution, the world’s preeminent museum and research complex. The Museum is dedicated to inspiring curiosity, discovery, and learning about the natural world through its unparalleled research, collections, exhibitions, and education outreach programs. Opened in 1910, the green-domed museum on the National Mall was among the first Smithsonian building constructed exclusively to house the national collections and research facilities
1580
13  Link   The American Museum of Natural History
The American Museum of Natural History is one of the world’s preeminent scientific and cultural institutions. Since its founding in 1869, the Museum has advanced its global mission to discover, interpret and disseminate information about human cultures, the natural world and the universe through a wide-ranging program of scientific research, education and exhibition.

The Museum is renowned for its exhibitions and scientific collections, which serve as a field guide to the entire planet and present a panorama of the world’s cultures.

1598
14  Link   Penn Museum: The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, through its research, collections, exhibitions, and educational programming, advances understanding of the world’s cultural heritage.

Founded in 1887, Penn Museum has conducted more than 400 archaeological and anthropological expeditions around the world. Three gallery floors feature materials from Egypt, Mesopotamia, Canaan and Israel, Mesoamerica, Asia and the ancient Mediterranean World, as well as artifacts from native peoples of the Americas and Africa.
1821
15  Link   Louvre Museum (Paris – France)
The Louvre Museum is unquestionably one of the finest art galleries in the world. Home to thousands of classic and modern masterpieces, the Louvre is the jewel in the crown of French culture, a towering testament to European civilisation and history.

Its quality and importance is highlighted through its popularity as the Louvre is the globes most-visited museum.

To walk through the Louvre Museum is to walk through the history of France and into the minds of kings and revolutionaries. The reigns of Louis XIII and Louis XIV saw major expansion and a linking of the palaces and halls, which make up the museum today

The Louvre Museum contains over 35,000 pieces of artwork across numerous departments including Near Eastern Antiquities, Egyptian Antiquities, Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities, Islamic Art, Sculptures, Decorative Arts, Paintings, Prints and Drawings. Masterpieces by great artists such as Da Vinci and Delacroix are part of the pernament collection of this prestigous gallery.
2009
16  Link   The Metropolitan Museum of Art USA
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is one of the world’s largest and finest art museums. Its collections include more than two million works of art spanning five thousand years of world culture, from prehistory to the present and from every part of the globe.

Founded in 1870, the Metropolitan Museum is located in New York City’s Central Park along Fifth Avenue (from 80th to 84th Streets). Nearly five million people visit the Museum each year.
1791
17  Link   Los Angeles County Museum of Art
Los Angeles County Museum of Art has a unique Exhibition about Islamic gifts.

Gifts of the Sultan explores Islamic art through the universal tradition of gift giving. Many of the most spectacular and historically significant examples of Islamic art can be classified as gifts, a number of which will be brought together for the unique purpose of this exhibition to demonstrate the integral and complex nature of gift exchange in the Islamic world.
4423
18  Link   The Princeton University Art Museum
The Princeton University Art Museum is one of the nation’s leading art museums, with collections of some 72,000 works of art ranging from ancient to contemporary, concentrating geographically on the Mediterranean regions, Western Europe, Asia, and the Americas.
1827
19  Link   شبكة مشكاة الإسلامية
شبكة مشكاة الإسلامية هي أكبر شبكة مرجعية للكتب الإسلامية والبحوث المتقدمة. ولتحميل الكتب مجانا
2281
20  Link   الدرر السنية موسوعة حديثية وفقهية
الدرر السنية هي أفضل موسوعة بحث حديثية موثقة علمياً لتيسير الوصول إلى أحاديث الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم.
1781
21  Link   Islam web المكتبة الإسلامية
تعد المكتبة الإلكترونية أحد المنتجات الرئيسية لموقع الشبكة الإسلامية، والتي تهدف إلى تحقيق رسالتها وأهدافها من خلال عرض أهم المراجع والكتب الإسلامية في شتى علوم الدين، سواء كتب التراث أو الكتب المعاصرة، والتي تعد رافدا مهما للباحثين المختصين وغير المختصين من زوار موقع الشبكة، مما يؤدي إلى نشر الوعي الديني لدى المسلمين وتعميق انتمائهم للإسلام وفهم قضاياه.

تغطي المكتبة الإسلامية بالشبكة أمهات العلوم الشرعية بفروعها المختلفة, من عبادات ومعاملات وآداب شرعية بالإضافة إلى أصول الفقه وتفسير القرآن الكريم ومصطلح الحديث والسيرة والعقيدة والتاريخ, من خلال اشتمالها على تصنيفات مهمة لهذه الفروع فنجد مثلاً في أصول الفقه كتابي “شرح الكوكب المنير” و”البحر المحيط” وفي القواعد الفقهية كتاب “الأشباه والنظائر” وكتاب “القواعد لابن رجب” وفي الفتاوى نجد مجموع الفتاوى لابن تيمية وغيرها الكثير مما لا يتسع المجال لسردها جميعا .

وبجانب هذه المؤلفات والتصنيفات تحتوي الشبكة على كم هائل من تراجم الأعلام والتي أخذت من كتاب “سير أعلام النبلاء” للعلامة الذهبي حيث يوجد “5946” ترجمة من تراجم مشاهير أهل العلم والفضل .
1880
22  Link   مكتبة صيد الفوائد الإسلامية
مكتبة اسلامية شاملة للبحوث وتحميل الكتب مجانا
1592
23  Link   Harun Yahya’s Influences هارون يحيى وآثاره
One of the Best sites on Islamic Thought and Islamic perspective of Evolution Theory
من أحسن المواقع في الفكر الإسلامي ونظرة الإسلام لنظريةالتطور
1515
24  Link   Scientific American
Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is a popular science magazine. It is notable for its long history of presenting science monthly to an educated but not necessarily scientific public, through its careful attention to the clarity of its text and perhaps especially the quality of its specially-commissioned color graphics. Einstein is among the many famous scientists who have contributed articles in the past 150 years.

Scientific American was founded by inventor and publisher Rufus M. Porter in 1845 as a four page weekly newspaper. Throughout its early years much emphasis was placed on reports of what was going on at the U.S. Patent Office.
1820
25  Link   The Scientist -Magazine of Life Sciences
The Scientist is the magazine for life science professionals—a print and digital publication dedicated to covering a wide range of topics central to the study of cell and molecular biology, genetics, and other life-science fields. Through innovative print articles, online stories, and multimedia features, the magazine explores the latest scientific discoveries, trends in research, innovative techniques, new technology, business, and careers. It is read by leading researchers in industry and academia who value penetrating analyses and broad perspectives on life-science topics both within and beyond their areas of expertise. Written by prominent scientists and professional journalists, articles in The Scientist are concise, accurate, accessible, and entertaining
1685
26  Link   أطلس التاريخ الإسلامي – تاريخ الحكام والسلالات الحاكمة
أهمية وعي التاريخ في تكوين الأمة:

كتابة التاريخ في شكل مبسط: صياغة التاريخ في شكل أبسط،
إيضاح التاريخ الإسلامي: من خلال رسم صورة كاملة و مترابطة عنه كوحدة و ليس كوحدات.


تجميع المصادر و النصوص: حتى يسهل على الباحث العثور على مادة بحثه.

التعريف بالتاريخ العالمي: إن فهم تاريخ و حضارة الآخر سيغير حتما نظرتنا للتاريخ بشكل عام و لتاريخنا بشكل خاص،
1841
27  Link   The Turkish Academy of Sciences2544
28  Link   مكتبة الورّاق
مكتبة عربية إسلامية شاملة
1790
29  Link   IslamiCity
IslamiCity’s mission is to share with the world an understanding of Islam and Muslims and promote peace, justice and harmony for all people.

IslamiCity aims to advance an understanding and dialogue among civilizations. We believe through emerging online media there is an opportunity to enhance awareness and knowledge leading to a better understanding and peaceful coexistence in our rapidly shrinking global village.

IslamiCity website was launched in 1995. It provides a non-sectarian, comprehensive and holistic view of Islam and Muslims to a global audience.

IslamiCity has evolved into one of the world’s leading online source of Islamic information and one of the largest Muslim e-Community, offering a wide range of information and services.

It is this combination of community building, information and services – delivered in a virtual city metaphor – that attracts millions of visitors and international media recognition for IslamiCity every year.

IslamiCity is operated by Human Assistance & Development International (HADI), a non-profit organization working for the socio-economic, educational and scientific development of people worldwide.

HADI is incorporated in the State of California since 1991 as a public benefit, charitable, educational and scientific organization. HADI is approved as a tax-exempt organization under section 501 (c)(3) of the U.S. Federal Tax Code.
2090
30  Link   For One Islam
Spiritual Journey of Islam / Arabic culture
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31  Link   علماء الآثار
منتدى كبير لعلماء الآثار العالمية خصوصا الآثار الإسلامية والمصرية والعراقية والرومانية وغيرها
1646
32  Link   طريق الإسلام
مشروع إسلامي نبيل يأمل في المساهمة بقوة في الإعلام الإسلامي، ومجاراة التقدم التكنولوجي الهائل في العالم من حولنا.
1774
33  Link   Renaissance – A Monthly Islamic Journal (Pakistan)
Renaissance was launched in January 1991 with an aim to communicate the true message of Islam and to purge it from various innovations which have, over the years, crept into its edifice. The basic idea behind its initiation is to present the teachings of Islam in their pristine form and to apply its principles in current circumstances with a view to present positive solutions to the problems faced in the fields of law and politics, economics and sociology and indeed in all the other spheres of life.

No doubt, a tempest has blown the Muslim fleet out of course. We are going through a period of general decline in all the affairs of life. A revolution in the intellectual and mental perspectives is the need of the hour. The challenge we face is prodigious and the effort required is Herculean. But then, there is a heartening aspect to this situation: In recent times, the task of such an intellectual and mental reformation has already been taken up by a religious scholar of exceptional intellect, Imam Hameed Uddin Farahi (d:1930). He, together with his most outstanding pupil Amin Ahsan Islahi (d:1997), has redirected the Muslim religious thought to the path from which it had deviated by opening the way to direct deliberation on the Qur’an.

We intend to continue the work of intellectual revival begun by these two personalities in our own limited capacities so as to contribute whatever we can to the cause of this awakening. We are no scholars or men of learning, but very ordinary seekers of the truth. Our limitations and shortcomings are as evident to us as the midday sun, yet it is just the quest for the truth and the desire for its dissemination that has inspired us to undertake such a daunting task. In the tremendous pandemonium that prevails, our voice is no more than a whisper, yet something deep down in our hearts beckons us to devote even the last quantum of energy we have for the cause of truth:

Stand upright, speak thy thought, declare,
The truth thou hast that all may share,
Be bold, proclaim it every where,
They only live who dare.
1806
34  Link   موقع الإسلام الدعوي والإرشادي
موقع الإسلام يعد من أهم المواقع الإسلامية على الشبكة الدولية (إنترنت) وذلك حسب إحصائيات المواقع والجهات المختصة، وذلك منذ تم إنشاؤه في عام 1417هـ الموافق 1997م وحتى الآن.

ونظرا لتلك المكانة الكبيرة لموقع الإسلام فقد رأت وزارة الشؤون الدينية والأوقاف والدعوة والإرشاد بالمملكة العربية السعودية ضرورة أن يتم تجديده وتطويره بما يتوافق مع أحدث تطورات تقنيات الإنترنت.
1598
35  Link   Alshindagah Brief about Arabic physicians (in Arabic)
Brief cross reference to Arabic physicians and their role.
2407
36  Link   Islam Question and Answer الإسلام سؤال وجواب
Islam Question & Answer site aims to provide intelligent, authoritative responses to anyones question about Islam, whether it be from a Muslim or a non-Muslim, and to help solve general and personal social problems. Responses are composed by Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, a known Islamic lecturer and author. Questions include topics, such as theology, worship, human and business relations, or social and personal issues.

It is hoped that this site will be among them. The objectives of Islam Q&A include:

-to teach and familiarize Muslims with various aspects of their religion
-to be a source for guiding people to Islam
-to respond to users questions and inquiries to the best of our resources and capabilities
-to assist in solving the social and personal problems of the Muslims in an Islamic context

The responses are handled by Sheikh Muhammad Salih al-Munajjid, using only authentic, scholarly sources based on the Quran and sunnah, and other reliable contemporary scholarly opinions. References are provided where appropriate in the responses. All requests are held with confidence, and replies are available personally and/or publicly (posted to this site).

موقع الإسلام سؤال وجواب موقع دعوي، علمي، تربوي، يهدف إلى تقديم الفتاوى والإجابات العلمية المؤصلة بشكل واف وميسر – قدر الاستطاعة – عن الأسئلة المتعلقة بالإسلام سواء كان السائل مسلماً أو غير مسلم ، ويقوم بالإشراف على هذه الإجابات الشيخ محمد صالح المنجد محاضر وكاتب إسلامي .

يرحب الموقع بالأسئلة في الجوانب المختلفة سواء ما يتعلق بالعقيدة أو العبادة أو المعاملات أو الأمور النفسية والاجتماعية .
أهداف الموقع :


1- نشر الإسلام والدعوة إليه.

2- نشر العلم الشرعي ورفع الجهل عن المسلمين.

3- تلبية حاجة الناس بتقديم الفتاوى الشرعية المؤصلة.

4- توجيه الناس في القضايا الحياتية بتقديم الاستشارات العلمية والتربوية والاجتماعية وغيرها.

منهج الموقع :

يقوم الموقع على نشر العقيدة الصحيحة عقيدة أهل السنة والجماعة ، واتباع السلف الصالح ويتحرى أن تكون الإجابات مبنية على الدليل من القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية الصحيحة ومأخوذة من كلام العلماء من أصحاب المذاهب الأربعة الإمام أبي حنيفة ، والإمام مالك ، والإمام الشافعي ، والإمام أحمد بن حنبل وغيرهم من أهل العلم المتقدمين والمتأخرين ،
2182
37  Link   الجمعية العلمية السعودية للسنة وعلومها
تم إنشاء الجمعية العلمية السعودية للسنة وعلومها بالمملكة العربية السعودية، بقرار مجلس جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية في 1423 هـ ؛ لأهداف سامية، ومقاصد نبيلة.

وبدأت الجمعية مناشطها عام 1426 هـ برئاسة الدكتور/ عبدالعزيز بن محمد السعيد .

وتضم الجمعية عددا كبيرا من المتخصصين في السنة وعلومها من أساتذة الجامعات، والقطاعات القضائية والتعليمية.

من أهداف (( الجمعية العلمية السعودية للسنة وعلومها )):


1- نشر السنة ، وتقوية الوعي بها رواية ودراية .

2- تنمية البحث العلمي في مجال السنة وعلومها ، والعمل على تطويره وتنشيطه ووضع الآليات لذلك .

3- تحقيق التواصل العلمي بين أعضاء الجمعية .

4- تقديم المشورة العلمية في مجال السنة وعلومها .
2198
38  Link   جمعية التربية الإسلامية
نحن جمع من أمة الإسلام تحرص على التمسك بدين الله الخالد وفق كتاب الله وسنة رسوله صلى الله عليه واله وصحبه وسلم لمنتصر للحق وتدعوا إليه وتحرص على وحدة المسلمين في كل مكان وتسعى لتربية أجيال مؤمنة بربها على معرفة بأمور دينها من خلال المدرسة والصحيفة والكتاب والثقافة المكتبية ..

لا تحسب حساباً لمنصب دنيوي ولا جاه عند بشر ولا علاقة لها بالسياسة بقدر ما ترجوا نوال رضي الله سبحانه وتعالى . وتوجيه الأمة لنيل هذا الرضوان .. فان أصبنا في منهجنا فبتوفيق من الله تعالى وان أخطانا فمن أنفسنا .وما توفيقنا إلا بالله لا اله إلا هو عليه توكلنا واليه أنبنا واليه المصير .

1751
39  Link   The Message of Islam رسالة الإسلام
The Message of Islam is an umbrella organization for online Islamic Information and Propagation.

This website aims to present Islam to English speaking non-Muslims around the world.
1905
40  Link   Institute for the History & Philosophy of Science & Technology (IHPST)
The Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (IHPST) of the University of Toronto was founded in 1967.
It is a graduate studies and research institute offering MA and PhD degrees. IHPST also offers undergraduate courses.
4134
41  Link   History of Islam: An encyclopedia of Islamic history
The Encyclopedia of Islamic History (www.historyofislam.com) is the work of scholars whose intent is to create an enduring record of the role played by Islam in global history. It is maintained by the American Institute of Islamic History and Culture based in California. Professor Dr. Nazeer Ahmed (nazeer.ahmed@delixus.com) serves as its director.

History is a Sign from the heavens. The Qur’an declares: “I will show you My Signs on the horizon and within your own souls until you have certainty of faith”. ‘On the horizon’ means history and nature. Thus history and science take on a sacred character in as much as they are “Signs” from God. This guiding principle separates this encyclopedia from other works of similar nature.