Evolution of Attitudes Towards Human Experimentation in Ottoman Turkish Medicine

Professor Dr. Mohannad Al-Fallouji, PhD (London), FRCS, FRCSI, PDLaw, is a renowned colorectal and laparoscopic surgeon, educator, and medical historian. Author of key postgraduate surgery textbooks and over 100 research papers, he pioneered the Modified Alvarado Score and advanced laparoscopic training. He currently serves as Director of the Institute for Arab-Islamic Medicine and Sciences (IHAMS).